What to prune in December?

Pruning guide by plant

For each plant: when and how to prune, how much to remove and what it means for wildlife.

• Beech June–September and November–February · reviewed
• Hornbeam June–September and November–February · reviewed
• Privet May–June and August–September · reviewed
• Yew May–June and August–September · reviewed
• Hawthorn June–September and November–March · reviewed
• Field maple June–October · reviewed
• Apple tree July–August and December–March · reviewed
• Pear tree July–August and December–March · reviewed
• Plum tree June–August · reviewed
• Cherry tree June–August · reviewed
• Bush rose March · reviewed
• Climbing rose February–March · reviewed
• Hydrangea March–April · reviewed
• Panicled hydrangea March · reviewed
• Butterfly bush March–April · reviewed
• Lavender April and August–September · reviewed
• Raspberry February and August · reviewed
• Redcurrant July and November–February · reviewed
• Large-flowered clematis February · reviewed
• Wisteria January–February and July–August · reviewed
• Box (buxus) May–June and August–September · reviewed
• Cherry laurel May–June and August–September · reviewed
• Thuja May–June and August–September · reviewed
• Leyland cypress May–September · reviewed
• Forsythia April–May · reviewed
• Lilac May–June · reviewed
• Grapevine June–July and December–January · reviewed
• Fig tree April–May · reviewed
• Olive tree April–May · reviewed
• Kiwi vine July and December–February · reviewed
• Blackcurrant August and November–February · reviewed
• Gooseberry July–August and November–February · reviewed
• Blueberry January–March · reviewed
• Peach tree April–August · reviewed
• Apricot tree May–August · reviewed
• Holly March–April and July–August · reviewed
• Weigela June–July · reviewed
• Spiraea March and May–June · reviewed
• Magnolia May–July · reviewed
• Japanese maple July–August and November–December · reviewed
• Hazel November–March · reviewed
• Walnut tree July–September · reviewed
• Pollard willow November–March · reviewed
• Elder November–March · reviewed
• Firethorn May–August · reviewed
• Photinia May–June and August–September · reviewed
• Ivy March–April and August–September · reviewed
• Rosemary May–June · reviewed
• Quince tree December–February · reviewed
• Medlar December–February · reviewed
• Common dogwood February–March · reviewed
• Guelder rose June–July · reviewed
• Mock orange July · reviewed
• Deutzia June–July · reviewed
• Witch hazel March–April · reviewed
• Japanese flowering cherry May–July · reviewed
• Almond tree June–August · reviewed
• Hardy kiwi July and December–February · reviewed
• Jostaberry August and November–February · reviewed
• Blackberry February–March and September–October · reviewed
• Jerusalem artichoke March and November · reviewed
• Spiked speedwell March and July · reviewed
• Spiked water-milfoil July–August · reviewed
• Wormwood April · reviewed
• Silver spike grass March · reviewed
• Adder’s-tongue August–September · reviewed
• Bracken March, June, and August · reviewed
• Aleutian maidenhair fern (Adiantum aleuticum) March · reviewed
• Northern maidenhair fern (Adiantum pedatum) March · reviewed
• Himalayan maidenhair fern (Adiantum venustum) March · reviewed
• Tree aeonium September · reviewed
• Lipstick plant September · reviewed
• Bear’s breeches March and September · reviewed
• Greater meadow-rue March and November · reviewed
• Creeping thistle June and August · reviewed
• Nipplewort August–September · reviewed
• Perennial sow-thistle March and August–September · reviewed
• Corn mint March and June · reviewed
• Field forget-me-not July–August · reviewed
• Aleppo pine May–June · reviewed
• Algerian iris September–October · reviewed
• Algerian fir February–March · reviewed
• Nodding onion March and August · reviewed
• Small yellow onion August · reviewed
• Naples garlic June–July · reviewed
• Allium nigrum July · reviewed
• Pink lily leek July · reviewed
• Sicilian honey garlic July · reviewed
• Alpine columbine March and July · reviewed
• Alpine aster July · reviewed
• Scotch laburnum July–August · reviewed
• Alpine sea holly March · reviewed
• Alpine lady’s mantle March and August · reviewed
• Aluminium plant March–August · reviewed
• Almond willow December–March · reviewed
• Wood spurge June–July · reviewed
• Red oak July–August and November–February · reviewed
• White ash February · reviewed
• American hornbeam February · reviewed
• Common hackberry February · reviewed
• Arkansas bluestar (Amsonia hubrichtii) March and June · reviewed
• Eastern bluestar (Amsonia tabernaemontana) March and June · reviewed
• Pineapple sage April and June · reviewed
• Big bluestem March · reviewed
• Pheasant's tail grass March–April · reviewed
• Chinese anemone (Anemone hupehensis) March · reviewed
• Grape-leaf anemone (Anemone tomentosa) March · reviewed
• Japanese anemone (Anemone × hybrida) March · reviewed
• Summer snapdragon July–August · reviewed
• Anise hyssop March–April · reviewed
• Zebra plant October–November · reviewed
• Apple mint March and July · reviewed
• Arabian jasmine March and October · reviewed
• Arizona cypress April · reviewed
• Armenian cranesbill March and August · reviewed
• Garden asparagus February and November · reviewed
• Frikart’s aster (Aster × frikartii) March · reviewed
• Chinese astilbe (Astilbe chinensis) March · reviewed
• False spiraea (Astilbe × arendsii) March · reviewed
• Eared lady fern March · reviewed
• Atlas cedar August–September · reviewed
• White campion March and July · reviewed
• Bearded iris June–July and October · reviewed
• Bacopa July–August · reviewed
• Balloon flower October · reviewed
• Balsam poplar July–August · reviewed
• Costmary March · reviewed
• Basil June–September · reviewed
• Alsike clover July and September · reviewed
• Brooklime March and July · reviewed
• Field scabious March and September · reviewed
• Meadow cranesbill March and July–August · reviewed
• Bog asphodel March · reviewed
• Polka dot begonia March · reviewed
• Tropical pitcher plant March–April · reviewed
• Belladonna lily June and November · reviewed
• Banyan March–April · reviewed
• Darwin’s barberry (Berberis darwinii) May–June · reviewed
• Italian aster March · reviewed
• Perennial cornflower March and June · reviewed
• Mountain pine May · reviewed
• Heartleaf bergenia (Bergenia cordifolia) March and June · reviewed
• Leather bergenia (Bergenia crassifolia) March and June · reviewed
• Lemon-scented fern March · reviewed
• Soft-leaved sedge March · reviewed
• Hedgerow crane’s-bill July and September · reviewed
• Betony March and September · reviewed
• Quaking grass March and August · reviewed
• Narrow-leaved ragwort May–October · reviewed
• Apache beggarticks July · reviewed
• Chives March and July · reviewed
• Compact rush March · reviewed
• Bastard balm March · reviewed
• Bee orchid August–September · reviewed
• Mugwort March and August · reviewed
• Queen’s tears April–May · reviewed
• Henbane August–September · reviewed
• Common bistort (Bistorta officinalis) March, July, and September · reviewed
• Large bitter-cress July · reviewed
• Purple willow December–March · reviewed
• Bladder campion March and July · reviewed
• Brittle bladder-fern March · reviewed
• Skullcap March · reviewed
• Narrow-leaved lungwort June · reviewed
• Purple gromwell June–July · reviewed
• Blue fescue March and August · reviewed
• Tasmanian blue gum April · reviewed
• Devil's-bit scabious March · reviewed
• Blue globe thistle March · reviewed
• Great blue lobelia March · reviewed
• Blue daisy April and July · reviewed
• Monkshood August and October · reviewed
• Cupid’s dart July–August and October · reviewed
• Myrtle spurge June · reviewed
• Sea-holly March · reviewed
• Blue moor grass February and June · reviewed
• Aubretia May–June · reviewed
• Colorado blue spruce May–June · reviewed
• Dwarf hard fern March · reviewed
• Pale purple coneflower March · reviewed
• Bloody cranesbill March and July · reviewed
• Bloody dock June–July · reviewed
• Indian shot October–November · reviewed
• Wavy hair grass March and August · reviewed
• Early crocus May · reviewed
• Common peony October · reviewed
• Tansy March and September · reviewed
• Lizard orchid August · reviewed
• Summer savory July–August · reviewed
• Tree dahlia November · reviewed
• Tree heath May–June · reviewed
• Soft tree fern April · reviewed
• Wild basil March · reviewed
• Hedge woundwort March · reviewed
• Wood millet March and July · reviewed
• False brome March · reviewed
• Wood cranesbill March and July · reviewed
• Common spotted-orchid August–September · reviewed
• Yellow pimpernel March · reviewed
• Goat willow April–May · reviewed
• Wood sedge March and July · reviewed
• Blue grama March–April · reviewed
• Swan River daisy July · reviewed
• Maltese cross March and August · reviewed
• Large speedwell March and July · reviewed
• Broad buckler-fern March · reviewed
• Giant bellflower July–August · reviewed
• Orange daylily March and November · reviewed
• Calamagrostis emodensis March · reviewed
• Lawson cypress May–June and August–September · reviewed
• Hybrid black poplar July–August and November–February · reviewed
• Canadian columbine March and June–July · reviewed
• Canadian fleabane July–August · reviewed
• Canadian goldenrod September–November · reviewed
• Eastern hemlock June and August · reviewed
• Eastern redbud June · reviewed
• Canary Island pine May · reviewed
• Canna lily October–November · reviewed
• Leatherleaf sedge March–April · reviewed
• New Zealand hair sedge March–April · reviewed
• Carex flagellifera March–April · reviewed
• Gray's sedge March · reviewed
• Palm sedge March · reviewed
• Carex oshimensis March–April · reviewed
• Pennsylvania sedge March · reviewed
• Plantain-leaved sedge March · reviewed
• Broad-leaved sedge February · reviewed
• Orange New Zealand sedge April and September · reviewed
• Cedar August–September · reviewed
• Feathertop April · reviewed
• African feather grass March–April · reviewed
• Oriental fountain grass March · reviewed
• Northern sea oats February–March · reviewed
• String of hearts March–April · reviewed
• China pink July · reviewed
• Garlic chives March and September · reviewed
• Chinese elm November–February · reviewed
• Chinese juniper June and August · reviewed
• Chinese globeflower March and July · reviewed
• Chinese peony June and October · reviewed
• Chinese delphinium July and October · reviewed
• Chusan palm April–September · reviewed
• Chinese Virginia creeper November–December · reviewed
• Crown of thorns March–April · reviewed
• Florist’s chrysanthemum March and May–June · reviewed
• Cypress spurge March and June–July · reviewed
• Laurel-leaved rockrose (Cistus laurifolius) April and August · reviewed
• Rockrose (Cistus × hybridus) April and August · reviewed
• Orchid rockrose (Cistus × purpureus) April and August · reviewed
• Lemon basil June–August · reviewed
• Ribbed melilot March and September · reviewed
• Lemongrass April and September · reviewed
• Southernwood April and June · reviewed
• Lemon balm March and July · reviewed
• Lemon thyme April and July–August · reviewed
• Lemon verbena April · reviewed
• White fir March · reviewed
• Ti plant April · reviewed
• Large-flowered tickseed (Coreopsis grandiflora) March and June–September · reviewed
• Plains coreopsis (Coreopsis tinctoria) July–August · reviewed
• Threadleaf coreopsis (Coreopsis verticillata) March and July · reviewed
• Corsican hellebore April–May · reviewed
• String of buttons April · reviewed
• Crocosmia masoniorum March · reviewed
• Aunt Eliza March · reviewed
• Croton March–April · reviewed
• False heather March–April · reviewed
• Japanese holly fern March–April · reviewed
• Red campion June and October · reviewed
• Daylily March and September · reviewed
• Garden dahlia June–November · reviewed
• Dahlia coccinea June and October–November · reviewed
• Dahlia merckii November · reviewed
• Dalmatian iris June and October · reviewed
• Dame’s rocket July · reviewed
• Korean feather reed grass March · reviewed
• Dumb cane March–April · reviewed
• Rough chervil September · reviewed
• Dusky cranesbill March and June–July · reviewed
• Downy oak January–February and August · reviewed
• Thorn-apple August–October · reviewed
• Douglas fir August–September · reviewed
• Madagascar dragon tree April–May · reviewed
• Heartsease July · reviewed
• Broad-leaved pondweed May and September · reviewed
• Shaggy shield fern (Dryopteris cycadina) March · reviewed
• Autumn fern (Dryopteris erythrosora) March · reviewed
• Sunset fern (Dryopteris lepidopoda) March · reviewed
• Marginal wood fern (Dryopteris marginalis) March · reviewed
• Siebold’s wood fern (Dryopteris sieboldii) March · reviewed
• Wallich’s wood fern (Dryopteris wallichiana) March · reviewed
• Bristly oxtongue October · reviewed
• Hard fern March · reviewed
• Small scabious March and June–September · reviewed
• Yarrow March, July, and September · reviewed
• Sweet William July · reviewed
• Dwarf birch November–December · reviewed
• Dwarf goat’s beard March and August · reviewed
• Dwarf iris June and November · reviewed
• Dwarf bulrush March · reviewed
• Dwarf fan palm May · reviewed
• Meyer lilac June · reviewed
• Pygmy water lily July–September · reviewed
• Chilean glory flower April · reviewed
• Hawkweed oxtongue June and October · reviewed
• Common centaury September–October · reviewed
• Catnip March and July · reviewed
• Goldenrod March · reviewed
• Marsh mallow March · reviewed
• Ragged robin March and August · reviewed
• Valerian March and August · reviewed
• Wood melick March · reviewed
• Spiderwort March and July · reviewed
• Lesser spearwort August and October · reviewed
• Rieger begonia March–April · reviewed
• Blue-eyed Mary June · reviewed
• Twinspur April and July · reviewed
• Thrift June–August · reviewed
• Perennial ryegrass June and September · reviewed
• Large-flowered barrenwort (Epimedium grandiflorum) February · reviewed
• Red barrenwort (Epimedium × rubrum) February · reviewed
• Bicoloured barrenwort (Epimedium × versicolor) February · reviewed
• Flame violet March · reviewed
• Purple love grass March · reviewed
• Gentian speedwell March and July · reviewed
• Dorset heath (Erica ciliaris) March–April · reviewed
• Irish heath (Erica erigena) May · reviewed
• Cornish heath (Erica vagans) March–April · reviewed
• Darley Dale heath (Erica × darleyensis) April–May · reviewed
• String of pearls April–July · reviewed
• Ash November–March · reviewed
• Burning bush March and October · reviewed
• Cider gum April · reviewed
• African milk tree April–May · reviewed
• Globeflower March and July · reviewed
• European larch July–August and November–February · reviewed
• European nettle tree February · reviewed
• Lamb's ear March and August · reviewed
• Festuca amethystina March and July · reviewed
• Bearskin fescue March and August · reviewed
• Chinese banyan March–August · reviewed
• Fern-leaf peony August–September · reviewed
• Norway spruce August–September · reviewed
• Aspen fleabane March and July · reviewed
• European white elm November–February · reviewed
• Cow parsley June–July · reviewed
• Slender St John’s-wort March and October · reviewed
• Fringe cups March and June · reviewed
• Fuchsia March–April · reviewed
• Goat’s-rue March and August · reviewed
• Caucasian germander March and July · reviewed
• Gardenia August–September · reviewed
• Bleeding heart June–July · reviewed
• Cream scabious March · reviewed
• Fernleaf yarrow March and July–August · reviewed
• Wood avens August · reviewed
• Straw foxglove March and July–August · reviewed
• Golden flax March · reviewed
• Lady’s bedstraw March and October · reviewed
• Common rock-rose July–August · reviewed
• Fairy flax March and September · reviewed
• Kentucky yellowwood July–August · reviewed
• Goat’s beard March and July · reviewed
• Yellow birch August · reviewed
• Lemon lily March and July · reviewed
• Yellow archangel July · reviewed
• Great yellow gentian March · reviewed
• Yellow corydalis July–August · reviewed
• Golden marguerite March and July–August · reviewed
• Giant knapweed March and August–September · reviewed
• Yellow flag July and November · reviewed
• Monkeyflower March and July · reviewed
• Wolf’s bane March and September · reviewed
• Goat’s-beard July and September · reviewed
• Yellow buckeye January–February · reviewed
• Molly-the-witch October–November · reviewed
• Yellow water lily August–September · reviewed
• Yellow coneflower March · reviewed
• Lucky bamboo April–July · reviewed
• Eared willow April–May · reviewed
• Himalayan cranesbill (Geranium himalayense) March and July · reviewed
• Knotted cranesbill (Geranium nodosum) March · reviewed
• Renard’s cranesbill (Geranium renardii) March and July · reviewed
• Wallich’s cranesbill (Geranium wallichianum) March · reviewed
• Cambridge cranesbill (Geranium × cantabrigiense) March and July · reviewed
• Purple cranesbill (Geranium × magnificum) March and July · reviewed
• Druce’s cranesbill (Geranium × oxonianum) March and July · reviewed
• Scaly male fern March · reviewed
• Yorkshire fog June and September · reviewed
• Spotted Joe Pye weed March and May · reviewed
• Lungwort May–June · reviewed
• Spotted dead-nettle March and June · reviewed
• Heath spotted-orchid September · reviewed
• Hemlock July and September · reviewed
• Fringed loosestrife March · reviewed
• Agrimony March and September · reviewed
• Hogweed March and September · reviewed
• Self-heal March and September · reviewed
• Common polypody May–June · reviewed
• Wild angelica March and October · reviewed
• Germander speedwell July and September · reviewed
• Common laburnum July–September · reviewed
• Oxeye daisy July and September · reviewed
• Smooth sow-thistle July–September · reviewed
• Dandelion June and September · reviewed
• Hedge mustard March and July · reviewed
• Common stork’s-bill September · reviewed
• Bird's-foot trefoil March · reviewed
• Solomon's seal November · reviewed
• Common comfrey July and October · reviewed
• Common milkwort August–September · reviewed
• Common spike-rush March · reviewed
• Marsh pennywort September · reviewed
• European silver fir August–September · reviewed
• Winter-cress June · reviewed
• Cat’s-ear June and September · reviewed
• Common vervain March and September · reviewed
• Sweet vernal grass June and September · reviewed
• Common bent July and September · reviewed
• Bowman’s root March · reviewed
• Baby’s breath March and August · reviewed
• Hedge bedstraw March and September · reviewed
• Field elm November–February · reviewed
• False oat-grass June and September · reviewed
• Pot marigold June–October · reviewed
• Goldfish plant March and October · reviewed
• Common pink July–August · reviewed
• Harebell March · reviewed
• Grey poplar November–March · reviewed
• Grey willow April–May · reviewed
• Elecampane March · reviewed
• Checkerbloom March and July · reviewed
• Greek fir February–March · reviewed
• Henry’s honeysuckle March and August · reviewed
• Southern magnolia April · reviewed
• Spearmint March and August · reviewed
• Greater bladderwort August · reviewed
• Enchanter’s-nightshade August · reviewed
• Common mallow March and July · reviewed
• Large yellow foxglove March and July–August · reviewed
• Large self-heal March and August · reviewed
• Shasta daisy March and July–August · reviewed
• Greater stitchwort March and July · reviewed
• Snowdrop anemone March · reviewed
• Greater spearwort August and October · reviewed
• Common nettle March and June–July · reviewed
• Greater knapweed March · reviewed
• Branched bur-reed March · reviewed
• Garden angelica July–August · reviewed
• St Bernard’s lily March and July · reviewed
• Wild teasel March and September · reviewed
• Purple loosestrife February · reviewed
• Common twayblade August · reviewed
• Common poppy August · reviewed
• Greater burdock March and September · reviewed
• Bulrush March · reviewed
• Greater periwinkle March · reviewed
• Great burnet March · reviewed
• Broad-leaved thyme April and September · reviewed
• Greater wood-rush March and July · reviewed
• Meadow foxtail June and September · reviewed
• Honeywort July · reviewed
• Water plantain March and August–September · reviewed
• Yellow loosestrife March · reviewed
• Greater plantain March and August · reviewed
• Giant coneflower March · reviewed
• Scots pine May–June · reviewed
• Purple passion March–May · reviewed
• Pendulous sedge March and June–July · reviewed
• Ivy-leaved geranium February–March · reviewed
• Great willowherb March and September · reviewed
• Motherwort March and September · reviewed
• Hare’s-foot clover September · reviewed
• Common fleabane March and October · reviewed
• Sanicle September · reviewed
• Field horsetail March–September · reviewed
• Bush vetch March, July, and September · reviewed
• Heath aster March and May · reviewed
• Lousewort September · reviewed
• Holy basil June–August · reviewed
• Licorice plant May–August · reviewed
• Heliotrope March and May · reviewed
• Marram grass March · reviewed
• Orpine March and May · reviewed
• Autumn oxeye March and May · reviewed
• Charlock July–August · reviewed
• Buck’s-horn plantain June–August · reviewed
• Horse mint March · reviewed
• American alumroot (Heuchera americana) March · reviewed
• Crevice alumroot (Heuchera micrantha) March and August · reviewed
• Coral bells (Heuchera sanguinea) March and July–August · reviewed
• Hairy alumroot (Heuchera villosa) March and October · reviewed
• Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) March · reviewed
• Himalayan birch August–October · reviewed
• Deodar August–September · reviewed
• Hinoki cypress May–June · reviewed
• Dutch elm November–February · reviewed
• Water horsetail March · reviewed
• Ground-ivy June · reviewed
• Pyramidal orchid August–September · reviewed
• Hound’s-tongue July–August · reviewed
• Hungarian oak December–February · reviewed
• Hungarian lilac June–July · reviewed
• Horned violet July · reviewed
• Black medick June and September · reviewed
• Narrow-leaved plantain lily (Hosta lancifolia) November · reviewed
• Fragrant plantain lily (Hosta plantaginea) October–November · reviewed
• Siebold’s plantain lily (Hosta sieboldiana) August and November · reviewed
• Blue plantain lily (Hosta ventricosa) September and November · reviewed
• Miniature wax plant March · reviewed
• Fortune’s holly fern March · reviewed
• October daphne (Hylotelephium sieboldii) March · reviewed
• Hyssop April and September · reviewed
• Elm November–February · reviewed
• Remote sedge March · reviewed
• Hardy ice plant April · reviewed
• Indian horse chestnut January–February · reviewed
• Rock isotome July · reviewed
• Italian cypress May–August · reviewed
• Italian bugloss July · reviewed
• King’s spear March and July · reviewed
• Common ragwort August–September · reviewed
• Japanese blood grass March–April · reviewed
• Japanese forest grass March · reviewed
• Japanese cedar April and August · reviewed
• Japanese knotweed April–October · reviewed
• Japanese hornbeam February and August · reviewed
• Japanese iris July and November · reviewed
• Japanese larch July–August and November–February · reviewed
• Loquat April and June · reviewed
• Japanese umbrella pine April · reviewed
• Japanese red pine May–June · reviewed
• Japanese crab apple January–February and July · reviewed
• Japanese snowbell July · reviewed
• Japanese white pine May · reviewed
• Japanese sedge March · reviewed
• Japanese black pine May · reviewed
• Mother of thousands April · reviewed
• Judas tree June–July · reviewed
• Honesty March and August–September · reviewed
• Japanese garden juniper (Juniperus procumbens) May · reviewed
• Flaky juniper (Juniperus squamata) May · reviewed
• Pfitzer juniper (Juniperus × pfitzeriana) April and August · reviewed
• Jewel orchid March–April · reviewed
• Japanese persimmon February–March · reviewed
• Panda plant April · reviewed
• Marsh thistle September · reviewed
• Sweet flag March and October · reviewed
• Pink jasmine April–May · reviewed
• African hemp May · reviewed
• Cinnamon fern March and June · reviewed
• Kangaroo vine March · reviewed
• Carpathian bellflower March and August · reviewed
• Carthusian pink March and August · reviewed
• Chestnut-leaved oak December–February · reviewed
• Osier December–March · reviewed
• Siberian bugloss March and June · reviewed
• Caucasian scabious March · reviewed
• Nordmann fir August–September · reviewed
• Kermes oak April · reviewed
• Curry plant April · reviewed
• Christmas rose December–January · reviewed
• Cleavers May–June · reviewed
• Pellitory-of-the-wall March · reviewed
• Dwarf mallow March and August · reviewed
• Common duckweed May–September · reviewed
• Small balsam June–July · reviewed
• Smooth hawk’s-beard September–October · reviewed
• Bird’s-foot September · reviewed
• Burnet-saxifrage March and October · reviewed
• Small nettle July–August · reviewed
• Branched St Bernard’s lily March and September · reviewed
• Lesser trefoil July and September · reviewed
• Lesser bulrush March · reviewed
• Salad burnet May–July · reviewed
• Lesser meadow-rue March · reviewed
• Breckland thyme April and August · reviewed
• Jupiter's distaff March · reviewed
• Marsh gentian October–November · reviewed
• Clustered bellflower March and July · reviewed
• Water avens March and June · reviewed
• Musk thistle August–October · reviewed
• Bulbous buttercup July and September · reviewed
• Tuberous Jerusalem sage March · reviewed
• Dropwort March and August · reviewed
• Meadow saxifrage July and September · reviewed
• Butterfly weed March and August · reviewed
• Brown knapweed March and September · reviewed
• Common figwort March · reviewed
• Yellow oxeye March and July–August · reviewed
• Coffee plant March–April · reviewed
• Globeflower June–July · reviewed
• Drumstick primula May · reviewed
• Blanket flower August · reviewed
• Cucumber tree July–August · reviewed
• Prickly lettuce August–September · reviewed
• Hemp agrimony March, May, and September · reviewed
• Regal lily July and October · reviewed
• Royal fern March · reviewed
• Korean mint March · reviewed
• Korean fir March · reviewed
• Cornflower July and September · reviewed
• Stokes' aster March · reviewed
• Wild onion August · reviewed
• Crack willow November–March · reviewed
• Whorled clary March and July · reviewed
• Whorled Solomon's seal March · reviewed
• Cock’s-foot June and September · reviewed
• Dwarf willow March · reviewed
• Creeping baby’s breath August · reviewed
• Bugle July · reviewed
• Creeping buttercup July and September · reviewed
• Creeping juniper May · reviewed
• Moss phlox June · reviewed
• Trailing bellflower March and July · reviewed
• Creeping thyme April and July · reviewed
• Creeping fig March–April · reviewed
• Creeping willow May–June · reviewed
• Caper spurge July–August · reviewed
• Rattlesnake master March · reviewed
• Curled dock March, July, and September · reviewed
• Cork oak May–July · reviewed
• Bushy aster March · reviewed
• Cushion spurge March and June · reviewed
• Coast redwood April · reviewed
• Common couch June and September · reviewed
• Chinese fountain grass March · reviewed
• Dense blazing star March · reviewed
• Sea lavender March · reviewed
• Garden speedwell March · reviewed
• Lantana March and October · reviewed
• Bay willow November–March · reviewed
• Lovage March and July · reviewed
• Hoary willow March · reviewed
• Snapdragon April and August · reviewed
• Lenten rose January and May · reviewed
• New Zealand brass buttons April · reviewed
• Common hepatica February · reviewed
• Siskiyou lewisia June · reviewed
• Cedar of Lebanon August–September · reviewed
• New Zealand satin flower April · reviewed
• Marsh horsetail March and September · reviewed
• Mare’s-tail August and October · reviewed
• Reed sweet-grass February–March · reviewed
• Sweet woodruff March and June · reviewed
• Heath bedstraw September · reviewed
• Prostrate speedwell March and July · reviewed
• Hop trefoil July and September · reviewed
• Golden groundsel (Ligularia dentata) March and September · reviewed
• Ligularia (Ligularia przewalskii) September and November · reviewed
• Moroccan toadflax July · reviewed
• Big blue lilyturf (Liriope muscari) March · reviewed
• Creeping lilyturf (Liriope spicata) March · reviewed
• Edging lobelia (Lobelia erinus) July · reviewed
• Hybrid cardinal flower (Lobelia × speciosa) March · reviewed
• Hardy plumbago March · reviewed
• Blackberry lily March · reviewed
• Lucerne March and July · reviewed
• Macedonian scabious March and June–September · reviewed
• Oyama magnolia (Magnolia sieboldii) August · reviewed
• White horehound March · reviewed
• Giant rhubarb November · reviewed
• Giant redwood June–August · reviewed
• Heath speedwell September · reviewed
• Early-purple orchid July · reviewed
• Male fern March · reviewed
• Milk thistle August–September · reviewed
• Western bleeding heart March and July · reviewed
• Common club-rush March · reviewed
• Rose grape August · reviewed
• Whitebeam July–August and December–February · reviewed
• Fat-hen July–August · reviewed
• Mexican feather grass March–April and August · reviewed
• Mexican tarragon April–July · reviewed
• Mexican fleabane April and July · reviewed
• Silver wattle April · reviewed
• Mini monstera March–April · reviewed
• Million bells July · reviewed
• Himalayan fairy grass March–April · reviewed
• Feverfew March and July–August · reviewed
• Marsh woundwort March and September · reviewed
• Pin oak July–August and November–February · reviewed
• Bog sage April–May · reviewed
• Meadowsweet March and August · reviewed
• Marsh fern March · reviewed
• Water forget-me-not March and July · reviewed
• Tufted loosestrife March · reviewed
• Marsh spurge July and November · reviewed
• Lesser pond-sedge March · reviewed
• Cabbage thistle March and September · reviewed
• Scarlet beebalm (Monarda didyma) March and September · reviewed
• Wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa) March · reviewed
• Carmichael’s monkshood March and November · reviewed
• Swiss cheese vine March–April · reviewed
• Montbretia March · reviewed
• Monterey cypress April and August · reviewed
• Monterey pine February–March and June · reviewed
• Turkey oak July–August and November–February · reviewed
• Mossy saxifrage June · reviewed
• Mouse-ear hawkweed September · reviewed
• Musk mallow March and July · reviewed
• Wallflower July · reviewed
• Cushion baby’s breath July · reviewed
• Biting stonecrop July · reviewed
• Blue candle April–May · reviewed
• Four o’clock flower October · reviewed
• Nottingham catchfly March and September · reviewed
• Chilean avens March and August · reviewed
• Nemesia July · reviewed
• Caucasus catmint (Nepeta grandiflora) March and July · reviewed
• Catmint (Nepeta racemosa) March and July · reviewed
• New England aster March and May · reviewed
• New Guinea impatiens March and June · reviewed
• Narrowleaf evening primrose (Oenothera fruticosa) March · reviewed
• Missouri evening primrose (Oenothera macrocarpa) March · reviewed
• Greater pond-sedge March · reviewed
• Giant miscanthus March · reviewed
• Navelwort February–March · reviewed
• Sensitive fern March · reviewed
• Nasturtium November · reviewed
• Oriental beech August · reviewed
• Oriental hornbeam February and August · reviewed
• Chinese arborvitae May–June · reviewed
• Oriental poppy July · reviewed
• Mondo grass (Ophiopogon japonicus) March · reviewed
• Black mondo grass (Ophiopogon planiscapus) March · reviewed
• Fox-and-cubs July–August · reviewed
• Jerusalem cherry March · reviewed
• Perennial flax March · reviewed
• Purple toadflax March and July · reviewed
• Purple mullein July · reviewed
• Easter cactus May–June · reviewed
• Money tree March–April · reviewed
• Sago palm April · reviewed
• Pampas grass March–April · reviewed
• Bitter panicgrass March · reviewed
• Paper birch July–October · reviewed
• Stone pine May–June · reviewed
• Grass-of-Parnassus October · reviewed
• Wild parsnip August–September · reviewed
• Argentinian vervain April · reviewed
• Golden lace March · reviewed
• Button fern March–April · reviewed
• Creeping Jenny March and July · reviewed
• Golden-beard penstemon (Penstemon barbatus) April · reviewed
• Foxglove beardtongue (Penstemon digitalis) March · reviewed
• Hartweg's beardtongue (Penstemon hartwegii) April · reviewed
• Pineleaf penstemon (Penstemon pinifolius) April and August · reviewed
• Egyptian starcluster March · reviewed
• Peppermint March and September · reviewed
• Raindrop peperomia March–April · reviewed
• Himalayan knotweed (Persicaria affinis) March · reviewed
• Red bistort (Persicaria amplexicaulis) March · reviewed
• Common bistort (Persicaria bistorta) March and July · reviewed
• Jumpseed (Persicaria virginiana) March · reviewed
• Persian lilac June · reviewed
• Persian silk tree June · reviewed
• Petunia May and July–August · reviewed
• Kamchatka stonecrop (Phedimus kamtschaticus) March · reviewed
• Blushing philodendron March–April · reviewed
• Turkish sage (Phlomis russeliana) March · reviewed
• Woodland phlox (Phlox divaricata) June · reviewed
• Douglas' phlox (Phlox douglasii) May · reviewed
• Meadow phlox (Phlox maculata) March · reviewed
• Creeping phlox (Phlox stolonifera) May · reviewed
• Arends' phlox (Phlox × arendsii) March and July–August · reviewed
• Arrowhead October · reviewed
• Giant reed March · reviewed
• Purple moor grass March · reviewed
• Cuckooflower June–July · reviewed
• Soft rush March · reviewed
• Plume poppy March and November · reviewed
• Common meadow-rue March and September · reviewed
• Pennyroyal March · reviewed
• Jacob's ladder (Polemonium caeruleum) March and July · reviewed
• Creeping Jacob's ladder (Polemonium reptans) March and June · reviewed
• Shield aralia March–April · reviewed
• Christmas fern (Polystichum acrostichoides) March · reviewed
• Western sword fern (Polystichum munitum) March · reviewed
• Japanese tassel fern (Polystichum polyblepharum) March · reviewed
• Korean rock fern (Polystichum tsus-simense) March · reviewed
• Himalayan cinquefoil (Potentilla atrosanguinea) March · reviewed
• Nepal cinquefoil (Potentilla nepalensis) March and July · reviewed
• Large pink March · reviewed
• Gaura April and July · reviewed
• Peach-leaved bellflower June–August · reviewed
• Chinese silver grass March · reviewed
• Rose campion March and August · reviewed
• Poison primrose May–June · reviewed
• Cretan brake March–April · reviewed
• Long-leaved lungwort (Pulmonaria longifolia) June · reviewed
• Bethlehem sage (Pulmonaria saccharata) February and June · reviewed
• Dotted loosestrife March and October · reviewed
• Lady orchid August · reviewed
• French cranesbill March and July · reviewed
• Painted daisy March and July · reviewed
• China doll March–April · reviewed
• Rampion bellflower September–October · reviewed
• Aspen November–March · reviewed
• Rat’s tail cactus June · reviewed
• Sulphur cinquefoil March and July · reviewed
• Japanese painted fern March · reviewed
• Mignonette July–August · reviewed
• Scentless mayweed September–October · reviewed
• Himalayan balsam May–August · reviewed
• Giant hogweed April–July · reviewed
• Western red cedar May–June and August–September · reviewed
• Great horsetail November · reviewed
• Giant scabious August–September · reviewed
• Giant feather grass March–April · reviewed
• Greater sea kale July–August and November · reviewed
• Purple bell vine March · reviewed
• Swamp azalea (Rhododendron viscosum) July–August · reviewed
• Broad-leaved dock June–August · reviewed
• Common reed February–March · reviewed
• Reed canary grass March and July · reviewed
• Southern marsh-orchid September · reviewed
• Wall rock cress May–June · reviewed
• Hairy tare August · reviewed
• River birch August · reviewed
• False acacia June–August · reviewed
• Bell heather March–April · reviewed
• Red clover June and September · reviewed
• Cardinal flower August and October · reviewed
• Red buckeye January–February · reviewed
• Sticky catchfly March and July · reviewed
• Flowering currant April–May · reviewed
• Red valerian March and July–August · reviewed
• Swamp milkweed March and August · reviewed
• Purple coneflower March · reviewed
• Rodgersia (Rodgersia aesculifolia) March · reviewed
• Featherleaf rodgersia (Rodgersia pinnata) March · reviewed
• Rusty foxglove August–September · reviewed
• Red lungwort April–May · reviewed
• Red fescue July and September · reviewed
• Roman chamomile April and August · reviewed
• Sweet cicely June–July · reviewed
• Cheddar pink July · reviewed
• Bigroot cranesbill March and July · reviewed
• Basket of gold May–June · reviewed
• Rock soapwort July · reviewed
• Madagascar periwinkle June–July · reviewed
• Pink evening primrose March · reviewed
• Caucasian stonecrop March and September · reviewed
• Mountain everlasting July · reviewed
• Western coneflower (Rudbeckia occidentalis) March · reviewed
• Sweet coneflower (Rudbeckia subtomentosa) March · reviewed
• Brown-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia triloba) March · reviewed
• Nettle-leaved bellflower March and August · reviewed
• Deptford pink September · reviewed
• Rough hawkbit July and September · reviewed
• Hoary plantain August–September · reviewed
• Russian sage April · reviewed
• Grey club-rush March and June–August · reviewed
• Wych elm November–February · reviewed
• Tufted hair grass March · reviewed
• Swiss willow (Salix helvetica) May · reviewed
• Woolly willow (Salix lanata) May · reviewed
• Garden Solomon's seal November · reviewed
• Canadian burnet (Sanguisorba canadensis) February–March · reviewed
• Menzies' burnet (Sanguisorba menziesii) March and July · reviewed
• Japanese burnet (Sanguisorba obtusa) March · reviewed
• Burnet (Sanguisorba tenuifolia) March · reviewed
• Sawara cypress May–June · reviewed
• Sweet scabious May and July–September · reviewed
• Rough horsetail March · reviewed
• Japanese spurge March · reviewed
• Sheep’s sorrel September · reviewed
• Scarlet oak December–February · reviewed
• Clary sage August–September · reviewed
• Obedient plant March · reviewed
• Globe candytuft July · reviewed
• Meadow buttercup March and July · reviewed
• Pineappleweed August–September · reviewed
• Welsh poppy March and July–August · reviewed
• London pride June–July · reviewed
• Rose turtlehead March and May · reviewed
• French sorrel June–July · reviewed
• Little bluestem February–March · reviewed
• Crimson flag lily February–March · reviewed
• Foamflower March and June · reviewed
• Satin pothos March–April · reviewed
• Wild celery March · reviewed
• Serbian spruce August–September · reviewed
• Autumn moor grass March · reviewed
• Sesleria heufleriana February–March · reviewed
• Grey moor grass March · reviewed
• Savin juniper May and August · reviewed
• Perilla June–August · reviewed
• Siberian catmint March and July · reviewed
• Siberian elm December–February · reviewed
• Siberian iris February, June, and November · reviewed
• Siberian spruce August–September · reviewed
• Siberian fir February–March · reviewed
• Asparagus fern March–April · reviewed
• Coleus May–September · reviewed
• Chinese rhubarb August and October · reviewed
• Salvia March and July · reviewed
• Cigar plant March–April · reviewed
• St John’s wort March and September · reviewed
• Pale yellow-eyed grass March and August · reviewed
• Sitka spruce August–September · reviewed
• Baby’s tears April · reviewed
• California poppy July · reviewed
• Monkey puzzle April–May · reviewed
• Cutleaf coneflower February–March · reviewed
• Narrow-leaved ash February · reviewed
• Narrow buckler-fern March · reviewed
• Ribwort plantain June and September · reviewed
• Carolina silverbell June · reviewed
• Snowy wood-rush March · reviewed
• Pickerelweed October · reviewed
• Blue-stemmed goldenrod (Solidago caesia) March and November · reviewed
• Wrinkleleaf goldenrod (Solidago rugosa) March and May · reviewed
• Indian grass March · reviewed
• Spanish juniper April · reviewed
• Cape daisy March and July · reviewed
• Spanish sage April and July · reviewed
• Spear thistle March and August · reviewed
• Elephant bush April–July · reviewed
• Prairie dropseed March · reviewed
• Polka dot plant March–August · reviewed
• Zonal geranium February–March and October · reviewed
• Maiden pink July and September · reviewed
• Fortune's saxifrage March · reviewed
• Holm oak May–August · reviewed
• Lesser calamint March–April · reviewed
• Petty whin July · reviewed
• Spiny bear’s breeches March and August–September · reviewed
• Stevia April, June–July, and October · reviewed
• Hard shield fern March · reviewed
• Tufted sedge March · reviewed
• Stinking hellebore May–June · reviewed
• Black horehound March · reviewed
• Greater celandine March and July · reviewed
• Stinking iris March · reviewed
• Stipa barbata March · reviewed
• Stipa capillata March · reviewed
• Hollyhock September–October · reviewed
• Marguerite daisy March and July · reviewed
• Feather reed grass February · reviewed
• Ostrich fern March · reviewed
• Blue wood aster (Symphyotrichum cordifolium) March and May · reviewed
• Smooth aster (Symphyotrichum laeve) March · reviewed
• Calico aster (Symphyotrichum lateriflorum) March · reviewed
• Aromatic aster (Symphyotrichum oblongifolium) March · reviewed
• Arrowhead plant March–August · reviewed
• Littleleaf lilac (Syringa pubescens subsp. microphylla) June · reviewed
• Chinese lilac (Syringa × chinensis) May–June · reviewed
• Preston lilac (Syringa × prestoniae) June–July · reviewed
• Heartleaf oxeye March and August · reviewed
• Chinese meadow rue (Thalictrum delavayi) March · reviewed
• Lavender mist (Thalictrum rochebrunianum) March · reviewed
• Tiger lily October · reviewed
• Timothy July and September · reviewed
• Hart’s-tongue fern March · reviewed
• Nettle-leaved mullein July–September · reviewed
• Wishbone flower July · reviewed
• Tormentil October · reviewed
• Weeping willow November–March · reviewed
• Formosa toad lily (Tricyrtis formosana) March · reviewed
• Toad lily (Tricyrtis hirta) March · reviewed
• Indian bean tree February–March · reviewed
• Trumpet honeysuckle March and September · reviewed
• Livelong saxifrage June–July · reviewed
• Hardy gloxinia March · reviewed
• Garden orache June–August · reviewed
• Garden tulip May–June · reviewed
• Society garlic April · reviewed
• Martagon lily October · reviewed
• Midland hawthorn June–September and November–March · reviewed
• Small-leaf spiderwort March–September · reviewed
• Blue false indigo March · reviewed
• Wood sage March · reviewed
• Garden lupin July and October · reviewed
• Evergreen candytuft May–June · reviewed
• Perennial sunflower February–March · reviewed
• European feather grass March and August · reviewed
• Common cottongrass March · reviewed
• Amphibious bistort July–August and October · reviewed
• Trifid bur-marigold March · reviewed
• Meadow vetchling September · reviewed
• Meadow clary March and July · reviewed
• Common sorrel May–July · reviewed
• Fennel March and September · reviewed
• Delta maidenhair fern March · reviewed
• Venus flytrap March and May · reviewed
• Garden verbena July–August · reviewed
• Blue vervain (Verbena hastata) March · reviewed
• Slender vervain (Verbena rigida) April · reviewed
• Hebe (Veronica albicans) April and August · reviewed
• Whipcord hebe (Veronica ochracea) April · reviewed
• Hebe (Veronica odora) April and August · reviewed
• Hebe (Veronica pinguifolia) April and June · reviewed
• Hebe (Veronica rakaiensis) April and August · reviewed
• Koromiko (Veronica salicifolia) April · reviewed
• Hebe (Veronica × franciscana) April · reviewed
• Siberian Culver's root (Veronicastrum sibiricum) February–March · reviewed
• Culver's root (Veronicastrum virginicum) March · reviewed
• Autumn hawkbit June and October · reviewed
• Vietnamese coriander April and September · reviewed
• Hollyhock mallow March and May · reviewed
• Creeping cinquefoil September · reviewed
• Snow-in-summer June–July · reviewed
• Switchgrass March · reviewed
• Foxglove August · reviewed
• Blue eryngo March · reviewed
• Garden phlox March and May · reviewed
• Flaming Katy May–June · reviewed
• Common toadflax March and October · reviewed
• Busy Lizzie April and July · reviewed
• Common vetch June–August · reviewed
• Tufted vetch September · reviewed
• Spring sedge March · reviewed
• Leopard’s bane May–June · reviewed
• Mediterranean spurge June–July · reviewed
• Lady’s mantle March and July · reviewed
• Lady’s-slipper October · reviewed
• Red hot poker April and September · reviewed
• Marsh cinquefoil March · reviewed
• Bogbean July and September · reviewed
• Fringed water lily June–September · reviewed
• Marsh ragwort August–September · reviewed
• Water mint March · reviewed
• Cowbane March · reviewed
• Water violet July · reviewed
• Woad June–July · reviewed
• Gooseneck loosestrife March and November · reviewed
• Lesser butterfly-orchid August–September · reviewed
• Angular Solomon's seal March · reviewed
• Western hemlock June and August · reviewed
• Northern white cedar May–June and August–September · reviewed
• Weymouth pine May–June · reviewed
• Lady fern March · reviewed
• Common rue April and August · reviewed
• Columbine July · reviewed
• Sneezewort March and August · reviewed
• Chicory March and October · reviewed
• Perennial honesty March · reviewed
• Wild marjoram March · reviewed
• Daffodil June · reviewed
• Wild carrot March and September · reviewed
• Wild mignonette March and September · reviewed
• Pasqueflower February · reviewed
• Willow oak December–February · reviewed
• Willow-leaved sunflower February–March · reviewed
• Rosebay willowherb March and August · reviewed
• Hairy melic March and August · reviewed
• Winter savory April · reviewed
• Sessile oak July–August and November–February · reviewed
• Hardy begonia November · reviewed
• White poplar November–March · reviewed
• White asphodel March and July · reviewed
• White wood aster March and June · reviewed
• White dead-nettle March and July · reviewed
• White melilot March and September · reviewed
• White clover April–October · reviewed
• White mulberry November–January · reviewed
• Spiked rampion September · reviewed
• Water-cress June and September · reviewed
• Desert rose March–April · reviewed
• Deadly nightshade March · reviewed
• Griffith’s spurge March and November · reviewed
• Gypsywort March · reviewed
• Kidney vetch September · reviewed
• Giant chain fern April · reviewed
• Green hellebore February · reviewed
• Soft shield fern March · reviewed
• Sheep’s-bit September · reviewed
• Lyme grass February–March and August · reviewed
• Glaucous sedge March · reviewed
• Sea-kale July and November · reviewed
• Soapwort March and August · reviewed
• Sweet alyssum July · reviewed
• Great masterwort March and July · reviewed
• Sea spurge March · reviewed
• Nerve plant April · reviewed
• Ground-elder June–July · reviewed
• Silver ragwort April and July · reviewed
• Bugbane March · reviewed
• Silver sage April and June–July · reviewed
• Liquorice March · reviewed
• Summer cypress July–August · reviewed
• English oak July–August and November–February · reviewed
• Sunflower November · reviewed
• Sneezeweed March and May · reviewed
• False sunflower March · reviewed
• Sea aster March · reviewed
• Flowering rush March, August, and October · reviewed
• Black pine May–June · reviewed
• Black poplar July–August and November–February · reviewed
• Dark mullein March and September · reviewed
• Black walnut July–August · reviewed
• Dark-leaved willow February–March · reviewed
• Blackthorn June–August and November–February
• Dog rose February–March
• Wild privet May–June, August–September, and November–March
• Cornelian cherry March–April and August
• Juneberry May and November–February
• Sycamore July–October
• Small-leaved lime November–March
• Virginia creeper November–March
• Honeysuckle February–March and August–September
• Cotoneaster March–April and August–September
• Rhododendron June–July
• Camellia April–May
• Heather (ling) March–April
• Rose of Sharon (hardy hibiscus) March
• Californian lilac March–April and June–July
• Barberry June–July
• Japanese kerria May–June
• Morello cherry July–August
• Nashi (Asian pear) July–August and December–March
• Black mulberry November–January
• Mountain clematis June
• Italian clematis February–March
• Old man’s beard February–March
• Climbing hydrangea July–August
• Smooth hydrangea (Annabelle) March
• Oakleaf hydrangea August–September
• Rowan November–March
• Red-barked dogwood March–April
• Alder buckthorn November–March
• Japanese spiraea March
• Mountain hydrangea March
• Japanese snowball June–July
• Wayfaring tree June–July
• Ninebark June–July
• Japanese barberry June–September
• Skimmia April–May
• Pieris May
• Bluebeard April
• Golden clematis March
• Sweet chestnut November–March